diff --git a/includes/common.inc b/includes/common.inc
index f2db46b28113abd5e467b9a9c06f28c5805ef94c..878e8106de2f5b5f2d04302f42cfd4daf4b545d3 100644
--- a/includes/common.inc
+++ b/includes/common.inc
@@ -3094,6 +3094,79 @@ function drupal_clear_css_cache() {
   file_scan_directory('public://css', '/.*/', array('callback' => 'file_unmanaged_delete'));
 }
 
+/**
+ * Prepare a string for use as a valid CSS identifier (element, class or ID selector).
+ *
+ * http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#characters shows the syntax for valid
+ * CSS identifiers (including element names, classes, and IDs in selectors.)
+ *
+ * @param $identifier
+ *   The CSS identifier to clean.
+ * @param $filter
+ *   An array of string replacements to use on the identifier.
+ * @return
+ *   The cleaned identifier.
+ */
+function drupal_clean_css_identifier($identifier, $filter = array(' ' => '-', '_' => '-', '[' => '-', ']' => '')) {
+  // By default, we filter using Drupal's coding standards.
+  $identifier = strtr($identifier, $filter);
+
+  // Valid characters in a CSS identifier are:
+  // - the hyphen (U+002D)
+  // - a-z (U+0030 - U+0039)
+  // - A-Z (U+0041 - U+005A)
+  // - the underscore (U+005F)
+  // - 0-9 (U+0061 - U+007A)
+  // - ISO 10646 characters U+00A1 and higher
+  // We strip out any character not in the above list.
+  $identifier = preg_replace('/[^\x{002D}\x{0030}-\x{0039}\x{0041}-\x{005A}\x{005F}\x{0061}-\x{007A}\x{00A1}-\x{FFFF}]/u', '', $identifier);
+
+  return $identifier;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Prepare a string for use as a valid CSS class name.
+ *
+ * Do not pass one string containing multiple classes as they will be
+ * incorrectly concatenated with dashes, i.e. "one two" will become "one-two".
+ *
+ * @param $class
+ *   The class name to clean.
+ * @return
+ *   The cleaned class name.
+ */
+function drupal_css_class($class) {
+  return drupal_clean_css_identifier(drupal_strtolower($class));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Prepare a string for use as a valid HTML ID and guarantee uniqueness.
+ *
+ * @param $id
+ *   The ID to clean.
+ * @return
+ *   The cleaned ID.
+ */
+function drupal_css_id($id) {
+  $seen_ids = &drupal_static(__FUNCTION__, array());
+  $id = drupal_clean_css_identifier(drupal_strtolower($id));
+
+  // Ensure IDs are unique. The first occurrence is held but left alone.
+  // Subsequent occurrences get a number appended to them. This incrementing
+  // will almost certainly break code that relies on explicit HTML IDs in forms
+  // that appear more than once on the page, but the alternative is outputting
+  // duplicate IDs, which would break JS code and XHTML validity anyways. For
+  // now, it's an acceptable stopgap solution.
+  if (isset($seen_ids[$id])) {
+    $id = $id . '-' . ++$seen_ids[$id];
+  }
+  else {
+    $seen_ids[$id] = 1;
+  }
+
+  return $id;
+}
+
 /**
  * Add a JavaScript file, setting or inline code to the page.
  *
diff --git a/includes/form.inc b/includes/form.inc
index 3ee8af7b77e5140749d9332151ae38b8243d730b..82d84b4f8f5c7636bf5d221ff918adf4a77bc885 100644
--- a/includes/form.inc
+++ b/includes/form.inc
@@ -547,12 +547,12 @@ function drupal_process_form($form_id, &$form, &$form_state) {
   if ($form_state['process_input']) {
     drupal_validate_form($form_id, $form, $form_state);
 
-    // form_clean_id() maintains a cache of element IDs it has seen,
+    // drupal_css_id() maintains a cache of element IDs it has seen,
     // so it can prevent duplicates. We want to be sure we reset that
     // cache when a form is processed, so scenarios that result in
     // the form being built behind the scenes and again for the
     // browser don't increment all the element IDs needlessly.
-    drupal_static_reset('form_clean_id');
+    drupal_static_reset('drupal_css_id');
 
     if ($form_state['submitted'] && !form_get_errors() && !$form_state['rebuild']) {
       // Execute form submit handlers.
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ function drupal_prepare_form($form_id, &$form, &$form_state) {
   elseif (isset($user->uid) && $user->uid && !$form_state['programmed']) {
     $form['#token'] = $form_id;
     $form['form_token'] = array(
-      '#id' => form_clean_id('edit-' . $form_id . '-form-token'),
+      '#id' => drupal_css_id('edit-' . $form_id . '-form-token'),
       '#type' => 'token',
       '#default_value' => drupal_get_token($form['#token']),
     );
@@ -646,11 +646,11 @@ function drupal_prepare_form($form_id, &$form, &$form_state) {
     $form['form_id'] = array(
       '#type' => 'hidden',
       '#value' => $form_id,
-      '#id' => form_clean_id("edit-$form_id"),
+      '#id' => drupal_css_id("edit-$form_id"),
     );
   }
   if (!isset($form['#id'])) {
-    $form['#id'] = form_clean_id($form_id);
+    $form['#id'] = drupal_css_id($form_id);
   }
 
   $form += element_info('form');
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ function form_builder($form_id, $element, &$form_state) {
   }
 
   if (!isset($element['#id'])) {
-    $element['#id'] = form_clean_id('edit-' . implode('-', $element['#parents']));
+    $element['#id'] = drupal_css_id('edit-' . implode('-', $element['#parents']));
   }
   // Handle input elements.
   if (!empty($element['#input'])) {
@@ -1919,7 +1919,7 @@ function form_process_radios($element) {
           '#default_value' => isset($element['#default_value']) ? $element['#default_value'] : NULL,
           '#attributes' => $element['#attributes'],
           '#parents' => $element['#parents'],
-          '#id' => form_clean_id('edit-' . implode('-', $parents_for_id)),
+          '#id' => drupal_css_id('edit-' . implode('-', $parents_for_id)),
           '#ajax' => isset($element['#ajax']) ? $element['#ajax'] : NULL,
         );
       }
@@ -2235,7 +2235,7 @@ function form_process_tableselect($element) {
             '#default_value' => ($element['#default_value'] == $key) ? $key : NULL,
             '#attributes' => $element['#attributes'],
             '#parents' => $element['#parents'],
-            '#id' => form_clean_id('edit-' . implode('-', $parents_for_id)),
+            '#id' => drupal_css_id('edit-' . implode('-', $parents_for_id)),
             '#ajax' => isset($element['#ajax']) ? $element['#ajax'] : NULL,
           );
         }
@@ -2683,42 +2683,6 @@ function _form_set_class(&$element, $class = array()) {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * Prepare an HTML ID attribute string for a form item.
- *
- * Remove invalid characters and guarantee uniqueness.
- *
- * @param $id
- *   The ID to clean.
- * @param $flush
- *   If set to TRUE, the function will flush and reset the static array
- *   which is built to test the uniqueness of element IDs. This is only
- *   used if a form has completed the validation process. This parameter
- *   should never be set to TRUE if this function is being called to
- *   assign an ID to the #ID element.
- * @return
- *   The cleaned ID.
- */
-function form_clean_id($id = NULL) {
-  $seen_ids = &drupal_static(__FUNCTION__, array());
-  $id = str_replace(array('][', '_', ' '), '-', $id);
-
-  // Ensure IDs are unique. The first occurrence is held but left alone.
-  // Subsequent occurrences get a number appended to them. This incrementing
-  // will almost certainly break code that relies on explicit HTML IDs in
-  // forms that appear more than once on the page, but the alternative is
-  // outputting duplicate IDs, which would break JS code and XHTML
-  // validity anyways. For now, it's an acceptable stopgap solution.
-  if (isset($seen_ids[$id])) {
-    $id = $id . '-' . $seen_ids[$id]++;
-  }
-  else {
-    $seen_ids[$id] = 1;
-  }
-
-  return $id;
-}
-
 /**
  * @} End of "defgroup form_api".
  */
diff --git a/includes/theme.inc b/includes/theme.inc
index 71fbf9ba7a0be609451bb8a5bc7a9a8efd1c8e56..ca0e533aa77828e18091f32d87cd2f8bfa84ce54 100644
--- a/includes/theme.inc
+++ b/includes/theme.inc
@@ -2128,18 +2128,17 @@ function template_preprocess_html(&$variables) {
   if ($suggestions = template_page_suggestions(arg(), 'page')) {
     foreach ($suggestions as $suggestion) {
       if ($suggestion != 'page-front') {
-        // Add current suggestion to page classes to make it possible to theme the page
-        // depending on the current page type (e.g. node, admin, user, etc.) as well as
-        // more specific data like node-12 or node-edit. To avoid illegal characters in
-        // the class, we're removing everything disallowed. We are not using 'a-z' as
-        //  that might leave in certain international characters (e.g. German umlauts).
-        $variables['classes_array'][] = preg_replace('![^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0-9-_]+!s', '', form_clean_id(drupal_strtolower($suggestion)));
+        // Add current suggestion to page classes to make it possible to theme
+        // the page depending on the current page type (e.g. node, admin, user,
+        // etc.) as well as more specific data like node-12 or node-edit.
+        $variables['classes_array'][] = drupal_css_class($suggestion);
       }
     }
   }
   
+  // If on an individual node page, add the node type to body classes.
   if ($node = menu_get_object()) {
-    $variables['classes_array'][] = 'node-type-' . form_clean_id($node->type);
+    $variables['classes_array'][] = drupal_css_class('node-type-' . $node->type);
   }
 
   // RDFa allows annotation of XHTML pages with RDF data, while GRDDL provides
@@ -2150,7 +2149,6 @@ function template_preprocess_html(&$variables) {
   $variables['language']          = $GLOBALS['language'];
   $variables['language']->dir     = $GLOBALS['language']->direction ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
 
-
   // Add favicon.
   if (theme_get_setting('toggle_favicon')) {
     $favicon = theme_get_setting('favicon');
diff --git a/modules/block/block.module b/modules/block/block.module
index 66aed9651f824224af3538b0d3047a4fe6f1a65e..14488fe1eb2562d56f5dbec33fc9e267326fccbc 100644
--- a/modules/block/block.module
+++ b/modules/block/block.module
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ function template_preprocess_block(&$variables) {
   // Create the $content variable that templates expect.
   $variables['content'] = $variables['elements']['#children'];
 
-  $variables['classes_array'][] = 'block-' . $variables['block']->module;
+  $variables['classes_array'][] = drupal_css_class('block-' . $variables['block']->module);
 
   $variables['template_files'][] = 'block-' . $variables['block']->region;
   $variables['template_files'][] = 'block-' . $variables['block']->module;
diff --git a/modules/filter/filter.module b/modules/filter/filter.module
index 8b9494d456b19708042ccc167907db39a9f8370c..1424827310856165be0d11086fa454a8821222a4 100644
--- a/modules/filter/filter.module
+++ b/modules/filter/filter.module
@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ function filter_form($selected_format = NULL, $weight = NULL, $parents = array('
 
   drupal_add_js('misc/form.js');
   drupal_add_css(drupal_get_path('module', 'filter') . '/filter.css');
-  $element_id = form_clean_id('edit-' . implode('-', $parents));
+  $element_id = drupal_css_id('edit-' . implode('-', $parents));
 
   $form = array(
     '#type' => 'fieldset',
diff --git a/modules/node/node.module b/modules/node/node.module
index bd99ccc4273518398cc91744680eab8b18974d30..20187b30bd18466a161a346b69e56bf9b177ae09 100644
--- a/modules/node/node.module
+++ b/modules/node/node.module
@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@ function template_preprocess_node(&$variables) {
   }
 
   // Gather node classes.
-  $variables['classes_array'][] = 'node-' . $node->type;
+  $variables['classes_array'][] = drupal_css_class('node-' . $node->type);
   if ($variables['promote']) {
     $variables['classes_array'][] = 'node-promoted';
   }
diff --git a/modules/profile/profile.test b/modules/profile/profile.test
index 92b9ee428a1bd0d7c187e795a543784a0bbb36c3..507d5ebd371cd3fa92a124bc2bacbfebd91054fe 100644
--- a/modules/profile/profile.test
+++ b/modules/profile/profile.test
@@ -266,8 +266,8 @@ class ProfileTestAutocomplete extends ProfileTestCase {
     $this->setProfileField($field, $field['value']);
 
     // Set some html for what we want to see in the page output later.
-    $autocomplete_html = '<input class="autocomplete" type="hidden" id="' . form_clean_id('edit-' . $field['form_name'] . '-autocomplete') . '" value="' . url('profile/autocomplete/' . $field['fid'], array('absolute' => TRUE)) . '" disabled="disabled" />';
-    $field_html = '<input type="text" maxlength="255" name="' . $field['form_name'] . '" id="' . form_clean_id('edit-' . $field['form_name']) . '" size="60" value="' . $field['value'] . '" class="form-text form-autocomplete required" />';
+    $autocomplete_html = '<input class="autocomplete" type="hidden" id="' . drupal_css_id('edit-' . $field['form_name'] . '-autocomplete') . '" value="' . url('profile/autocomplete/' . $field['fid'], array('absolute' => TRUE)) . '" disabled="disabled" />';
+    $field_html = '<input type="text" maxlength="255" name="' . $field['form_name'] . '" id="' . drupal_css_id('edit-' . $field['form_name']) . '" size="60" value="' . $field['value'] . '" class="form-text form-autocomplete required" />';
 
     // Check that autocompletion html is found on the user's profile edit page.
     $this->drupalGet('user/' . $this->admin_user->uid . '/edit/' . $category);
diff --git a/modules/simpletest/tests/common.test b/modules/simpletest/tests/common.test
index 123fc1b85987e567f0854f53ca9d76056bd8b0c2..72f92820d7b5e0760d7e82d8b028c43a2d97c88e 100644
--- a/modules/simpletest/tests/common.test
+++ b/modules/simpletest/tests/common.test
@@ -572,6 +572,59 @@ class CascadingStylesheetsTestCase extends DrupalWebTestCase {
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Test for drupal_add_css().
+ */
+class DrupalCSSIdentifierTestCase extends DrupalUnitTestCase {
+  public static function getInfo() {
+    return array(
+      'name' => 'CSS identifiers',
+      'description' => 'Test the functions drupal_css_class() and drupal_css_id() for expected behavior',
+      'group' => 'System',
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Tests that drupal_css_class() cleans the class name properly.
+   */
+  function testDrupalCleanCSSIdentifier() {
+    // Verify that no valid ASCII characters are stripped from the class name.
+    $class = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz_ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ-0123456789';
+    $this->assertIdentical(drupal_clean_css_identifier($class, array()), $class, t('Verify valid ASCII characters pass through.'));
+
+    // Verify that no valid UTF-8 characters are stripped from the class name.
+    $class = '¡¢£¤¥';
+    $this->assertIdentical(drupal_clean_css_identifier($class, array()), $class, t('Verify valid UTF-8 characters pass through.'));
+
+    // Verify that invalid characters (including non-breaking space) are stripped from the class name.
+    $this->assertIdentical(drupal_clean_css_identifier('invalid !"#$%&\'()*+,./:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~ class', array()), 'invalidclass', t('Strip invalid characters.'));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Tests that drupal_css_class() cleans the class name properly.
+   */
+  function testDrupalCSSClass() {
+    // Verify Drupal coding standards are enforced.
+    $this->assertIdentical(drupal_css_class('CLASS NAME_[Ü]'), 'class-name--ü', t('Enforce Drupal coding standards.'));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Tests that drupal_css_id() cleans the id name properly.
+   */
+  function testDrupalCSSId() {
+    // Verify Drupal coding standards are enforced.
+    $this->assertIdentical(drupal_css_id('ID NAME_[Ü]'), 'id-name--ü', t('Enforce Drupal coding standards.'));
+
+    // Reset the static cache so we can ensure the unique id count is at zero.
+    drupal_static_reset('drupal_css_id');
+
+    // Clean up IDs with invalid starting characters.
+    $this->assertIdentical(drupal_css_id('test-unique-id'), 'test-unique-id', t('Test the uniqueness of IDs #1.'));
+    $this->assertIdentical(drupal_css_id('test-unique-id'), 'test-unique-id-2', t('Test the uniqueness of IDs #2.'));
+    $this->assertIdentical(drupal_css_id('test-unique-id'), 'test-unique-id-3', t('Test the uniqueness of IDs #3.'));
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * Test drupal_http_request().
  */
diff --git a/modules/simpletest/tests/form.test b/modules/simpletest/tests/form.test
index 855fb3d081fe3f69e6ca54151a347fbfe65eb243..fb922ec8cec9276112491c8c6a2d5fc7d3356151 100644
--- a/modules/simpletest/tests/form.test
+++ b/modules/simpletest/tests/form.test
@@ -332,36 +332,6 @@ class FormsElementsTableSelectFunctionalTest extends DrupalWebTestCase {
 
 }
 
-/**
- * Test the form_clean_id() for expected behavior.
- */
-class FormsFormCleanIdFunctionalTest extends DrupalWebTestCase {
-
-  public static function getInfo() {
-    return array(
-      'name' => 'form_clean_id() test',
-      'description' => 'Test the function form_clean_id() for expected behavior',
-      'group' => 'Form API',
-    );
-  }
-
-  function setUp() {
-    parent::setUp('form_test');
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Test the uniqueness of the form_clean_id() function.
-   */
-  function testFormCleanId() {
-    $this->drupalGet('form_test/form_clean_id');
-    $this->assertNoUniqueText('form-test-form-clean-id-presence');
-    $this->assertUniqueText('form-test-form-clean-id-presence-1');
-    $this->assertUniqueText('form-test-form-clean-id-presence-2');
-    $this->assertNoUniqueText('Test Textfield');
-  }
-
-}
-
 /**
  * Test using drupal_form_submit in a batch.
  */
diff --git a/modules/simpletest/tests/form_test.module b/modules/simpletest/tests/form_test.module
index 6d6fd38f82fc69cfb57faca7e30fb3f736516d8d..ee47b4f1429d1cf4e5ff205560739945284b53a5 100644
--- a/modules/simpletest/tests/form_test.module
+++ b/modules/simpletest/tests/form_test.module
@@ -39,13 +39,6 @@ function form_test_menu() {
     'type' => MENU_CALLBACK,
   );
 
-  $items['form_test/form_clean_id'] = array(
-    'title' => 'form_clean_id test',
-    'page callback' => 'form_test_form_clean_id_page',
-    'access arguments' => array('access content'),
-    'type' => MENU_CALLBACK,
-  );
-
   $items['form_test/drupal_form_submit_batch_api'] = array(
     'title' => 'BatchAPI Drupal_form_submit tests',
     'page callback' => 'form_test_drupal_form_submit_batch_api',
@@ -72,28 +65,6 @@ function form_test_menu() {
   return $items;
 }
 
-/**
- * Generate a page with three forms, to test the clean_id generation.
- */
-function form_test_form_clean_id_page() {
-  $build['form_test_test_form1'] = drupal_get_form('form_test_test_form');
-  $build['form_test_test_form2'] = drupal_get_form('form_test_test_form');
-  $build['form_test_test_form3'] = drupal_get_form('form_test_test_form');
-  return $build;
-}
-
-/**
- * A simple form to test clean_id generation.
- */
-function form_test_test_form($form, &$form_state) {
-  $form['input'] = array(
-    '#type' => 'item',
-    '#title' => 'Test Textfield',
-    '#markup' => form_clean_id('form_test_form_clean_id_presence'),
-  );
-  return $form;
-}
-
 /**
  * Create a header and options array. Helper function for callbacks.
  */
diff --git a/modules/system/system.test b/modules/system/system.test
index 9df53b78fea3c00e9f7f54a94bbdea98123746f6..686d6cdb9cb258672ddfb609541b19a70c659b33 100644
--- a/modules/system/system.test
+++ b/modules/system/system.test
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ class ModuleVersionTestCase extends ModuleTestCase {
     $n = count($dependencies);
     for ($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++) {
       $this->drupalGet('admin/config/modules');
-      $checkbox = $this->xpath('//input[@id="edit-modules-Testing-module-test-enable"]');
+      $checkbox = $this->xpath('//input[@id="edit-modules-testing-module-test-enable"]');
       $this->assertEqual(!empty($checkbox[0]['disabled']), $i % 2, $dependencies[$i]);
     }
   }